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381. Hiromori, T., 2009, A process model of L2 learners’ motivation: From the perspectives of general tendency and individual differences, System, Volume 37, Issue 2, pp.313-321. doi:10.1016/j.system.2008.11.009
Location:
Japan
Type of subjects/data: student
No. of subjects/data: 148
Instruments: Questionnaire
Method of analysis: - Structural equation modeling (SEM)/ covariance structure analysis
- Cluster analysis
Other aspects:
Research design:
Level of detail: Medium

Keywords:
Process model; L2 motivation; General tendency; Individual differences; Structural equation modeling (SEM); Cluster analysis


382. Bitchener, J. and Knoch, U., 2009, The relative effectiveness of different types of direct written corrective feedback, System, Volume 37, Issue 2, pp.322-329. doi:10.1016/j.system.2008.12.006
Location:
New Zealand
Type of subjects/data: student
No. of subjects/data: 39
Instruments: Test
Method of analysis: - decriptive statistics
- two-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc pair-wise comparison
Other aspects:
Research design:
Quasi-experimental research
Level of detail: Low

Keywords:
Accuracy improvement; Error correction; Treating linguistic errors; Written corrective feedback


383. Yeung, L., 2009, Use and misuse of ‘besides’: A corpus study comparing native speakers’ and learners’ English, System, Volume 37, Issue 2, pp.330-342. doi:10.1016/j.system.2008.11.007
Location:
Hong Kong
Type of subjects/data: Native speakers' and learners' corpus
No. of subjects/data: 2
Instruments:
Method of analysis: - Frequency
- Discourse analysis
Other aspects:
Research design:
Level of detail: Medium

Keywords:
Besides; Additive connective; Pragmatic functions; Register; Experts’ use; Learners’ use


384. Llanes, À. and Muñoz, C., 2009, A short stay abroad: Does it make a difference?, System, Volume 37, Issue 3, pp.353-365. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.03.001
Location:
Spain
Type of subjects/data: student
No. of subjects/data: 24
Instruments: Task/ activity, Test, Interview
Method of analysis: - oral fluency and accuracy were analysed
- t-test
Other aspects:
Research design:
Level of detail: High

Keywords:
Accuracy; Foreign language (FL); Listening comprehension; Oral fluency; Second language (L2); Study abroad (SA)


385. Amuzie, G. L. and Winke, P., 2009, Changes in language learning beliefs as a result of study abroad, System, Volume 37, Issue 3, pp.366-379. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.02.011
Location:
United States
Type of subjects/data: student
No. of subjects/data: 70
Instruments: Questionnaire, Interview
Method of analysis: - t-test
- factor analysis
- interview data was analysed
Other aspects:
Research design:
Survey research
Level of detail: Medium

Keywords:
Learner beliefs; Study abroad; Learner autonomy; Self-efficacy; Factor analysis


386. Phipps, S. and Borg, S., 2009, Exploring tensions between teachers’ grammar teaching beliefs and practices, System, Volume 37, Issue 3, pp.380-390. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.03.002
Location:
Turkey
Type of subjects/data: Teacher
No. of subjects/data: 3
Instruments: Observation, Interview
Method of analysis: content analysis
Other aspects: - Nvivo (www.qsr.com.au)
- VoiceWalker (www.uscb.edu/resources)
Research design:
Qualitative research
Level of detail: Medium

Keywords:
Teacher cognition; Teacher beliefs; Teacher education; Grammar teaching; Second language teaching


387. Shin, S.J., 2009, Negotiating grammatical choices: Academic language learning by secondary ESL students, System, Volume 37, Issue 3, pp.391-402. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.01.002
Location:
United States
Type of subjects/data: student
No. of subjects/data: 8
Instruments: Discussion, Written report/ paper, Audio-recordings
Method of analysis: - audio-recordings were transcribed and analysed
- students' written work were scored and analysed for grammatical accuracy, clarity, and completeness in meaning
Other aspects:
Research design:
Qualitative research
Level of detail: Low

Keywords:
Academic language development; English for academic purposes (EAP); Focus-on-form; Secondary English language learners; Sentence-combining; Teaching grammar


388. Falout, J., Elwood, J. and Hood, M., 2009, Demotivation: Affective states and learning outcomes, System, Volume 37, Issue 3, pp.403-417. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.03.004
Location:
Japan
Type of subjects/data: student
No. of subjects/data: 900
Instruments: Questionnaire
Method of analysis: - factor analysis
- stepwise multiple regression
- ANOVA
Other aspects:
Research design:
Survey research
Level of detail: Medium

Keywords:
Motivation; Demotivation; Remotivation; Self-regulation; Grammar-translation


389. McMullen, M.G., 2009, Using language learning strategies to improve the writing skills of Saudi EFL students: Will it really work?, System, Volume 37, Issue 3, pp.418-433. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.05.001
Location:
Saudi Arabia
Type of subjects/data: student
No. of subjects/data: 165
Instruments: Questionnaire
Method of analysis: ANOVA
Other aspects:
Research design:
Survey research
Level of detail: Medium

Keywords:
Language learning strategies; Saudi Arabia; Gender; Academic major; Strategy instruction


390. Zeng, G. and Takatsuka, S., 2009, Text-based peer–peer collaborative dialogue in a computer-mediated learning environment in the EFL context, System, Volume 37, Issue 3, pp.434-446. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.01.003
Location:
China
Type of subjects/data: Student
No. of subjects/data: 16
Instruments: Online discussion/email, Questionnaire, Test
Method of analysis: - language-related episode (LRE) was used as tool to analysed online-chat script: lexis-based LREs, form-based LREs
- frequency, percentage
Other aspects: - Moodle
- Language-related episode (LRE)
Research design:
Level of detail: High

Keywords:
Collaborative dialogue; Computer-mediated communication; Language-related episode; English as a foreign language


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