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Location:	Spain
Type of subjects/data:	textbooks
No. of subjects/data:	15
Instruments:	Corpus, Concordancer
Method of analysis:	metaphors were identified and analysed in terms of: - frequecies of textbook and corpus sample metaphors - metaphor collocational patterns - metaphorical synonyms
Other aspects:	- corpus of business periodical and journal article - WordSmith Tools concordancer
Research design:	Corpus-based research
Level of detail:	Medium

Keywords:
Business English, metaphors

Location:	China
Type of subjects/data:	teachers, students
No. of subjects/data:	2, 60
Instruments:	Observation, Audio-recordings, Video recordings, Stimulated recall
Method of analysis:	- pedagogical and interactional features presented in the data were identified and coded - themes and patterns of classroom interaction were identified
Other aspects:	- the computer analysis program, Nvivo, was used for coding and categorisation
Research design:	Case study
Level of detail:	Low

Keywords:
teacher-student interaction, reticence, classroom interaction

Location:	Ireland
Type of subjects/data:	students, migrant workers (learners in informal learning environment)
No. of subjects/data:	13, 12
Instruments:	Task/ activity, Observation
Method of analysis:	instances of help seeking and help avoidance in formal and informal learning contexts were conducted and campared
Other aspects:
Research design:	Action research
Level of detail:	High

Keywords:
help seeking, help avoidance, learning environment

Location:	United Kingdom
Type of subjects/data:	students
No. of subjects/data:	38
Instruments:	Task/ activity, Questionnaire, Interview
Method of analysis:	- responses to the questionnaires were tallied and analysed - views on web-based materials and book-based materials were compared (supported by interview data)
Other aspects:
Research design:	Survey research
Level of detail:	Low

Keywords:
material, preference, learning grammar, resource centre, self-study

Location:	Hong Kong
Type of subjects/data:	students, teachers
No. of subjects/data:	31, 4
Instruments:	Questionnaire, Interview
Method of analysis:	- questionnaire data were coded and analysed: frequency, percentage, mean - responses to the open-ended questions were categorised and summarised - interview data were transcribed in terms of summative and formative functions of portfolio assessment
Other aspects:
Research design:	Survey research
Level of detail:	Medium

Keywords:
portfolio assessment, formative assessment, summative asessment, writing

Location:	Mexico
Type of subjects/data:	photo of signs, billboards, posters, and banners in English
No. of subjects/data:	250
Instruments:
Method of analysis:	- six different social meanings of English on the sign were identified
Other aspects:
Research design:	Discourse research
Level of detail:	Low

Keywords:
signs, social meaning

Location:	Japan
Type of subjects/data:	students
No. of subjects/data:	72
Instruments:	Task/ activity, Audio-recordings
Method of analysis:	students' turns using the passive voice and active voice were counted
Other aspects:
Research design:	Quasi-experimental research
Level of detail:	Low

Keywords:
focused task, task design, pre-task activities, syntactic priming

Location:	Hong Kong
Type of subjects/data:	students
No. of subjects/data:	505
Instruments:	Interview, Questionnaire
Method of analysis:	- percentages of agreement and disagreement were calculated - t-tests were used to test the difference between scores from two groups: by gender, academic disciplines, and proficiency
Other aspects:
Research design:	Survey research
Level of detail:	Low

Keywords:
attributions, success and failure, psychology

Location:	Japan
Type of subjects/data:	students
No. of subjects/data:	19
Instruments:	Questionnaire, Observation
Method of analysis:	- frequencies and percentages for questionnaire responses were calculated - Japanese utterances were translated into English - apologies were coded and counted
Other aspects:
Research design:	Discourse research
Level of detail:	Low

Keywords:
L1 and L2 apologies, speech act, sociopragmatic, pragmalinguistic

Location:	Saudi Arabia
Type of subjects/data:	students
No. of subjects/data:	40
Instruments:	Text/ text book, Test
Method of analysis:	- form recall, meaning recall, and meaning recognition were assessed using three tests: completion, L1 translation, and multiple choice - tests were scored: mean, sd, percentage
Other aspects:	- assessing students' background knowledge of the target vocabulary - test scoring criteria - type of vocabulary knowledge
Research design:	Quasi-experimental research
Level of detail:	Medium

Keywords:
vocabulary learning, reading, incidental learning, vocabulary knowledge